The brakes are important in a car. They are used to slow down and stop a car by converting kinetic (moving) energy into heat energy through the process of friction. This friction occurs in the brake rotors and pads, which a cylinder is filled with pressurised fluid (brake fluid) which forces the pads onto a brake rotor. The friction of this converts kinetic energy into heat energy.
The braking system has a master cylinder, and the pots in the brake callipers. Pressing the brake pedal pushes the fluid inside the master cylinder, with leverage to increase torque, in this case by 800%. (length of pedal/distance between pivot point and master cylinder, 400/50=8 > 800%).
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