Anti-Lock Braking system is an electronic system in most cars today, it is a safety feature that prevents the brakes from locking up during a near accident. When a typical driver is in a near miss incident, they will usually put their foot all the way down on the brakes, which will cause the wheels to 'lock up', losing traction to the road, making the vehicle unable to turn and will increase stopping distance. The ABS will then activate, and release pressure in pulses. If you try to lock up your brakes with your foot, you would feel a pulsing effect on the pedal and also hear the brakes pulsing.
There aren't many things that can go wrong with ABS, but if there is a problem, it will most likely be sensed by the ECU. When the car is turned on to ignition, a light will come on the dash for ABS, the light should only stay on for a few seconds for a self check. If this light doesn't turn on or stays on the whole time, then there is an issue.
A common issue is with the wheel speed sensor. They are very fragile and easy to break. When working with under chassis parts, be very careful of the ABS components. The cables that run to the ABS sensors are also very vulnerable. When working on the hubs, remove the ABS sensor very carefully as this is a magnetic piece and can pick up shavings from brakes or moving components.
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